Gmail adalah salah satu aplikasi email yang populer dan banyak digunakan di seluruh dunia. Seiring dengan mengelola email, ini memungkinkan bekerja dengan kalender, kontak, obrolan, dll. Dan menyediakan layanan kolaborasi lainnya. Di artikel sebelumnya, Anda telah melihat cara mengimpor kontak dari akun Gmail dalam aplikasi .NET. Pada artikel ini, kami akan membahas cara membuat, memperbarui, dan menghapus kontak di akun Gmail menggunakan C# .NET.
- C# .NET API untuk Mengelola Kontak Gmail
- Buat Kontak di Gmail
- Perbarui Kontak di Gmail
- Hapus Kontak di Gmail
C# .NET API untuk Membuat, Memperbarui, dan Menghapus Kontak Gmail
Untuk membuat dan memanipulasi kontak di akun Gmail, kami akan menggunakan Aspose.Email for .NET. Ini adalah API pemrosesan email yang memungkinkan Anda memanipulasi email dan bekerja dengan klien email populer. Anda dapat mengunduh DLL API atau menginstalnya dari NuGet menggunakan perintah berikut.
PM> Install-Package Aspose.Email
Sebelum mulai bekerja, Anda perlu membuat proyek di Konsol Pengembang Google, yang memungkinkan Anda berkomunikasi dengan Gmail. Untuk membuatnya, Anda dapat mengikuti panduan ini.
Untuk mengakses dan memanipulasi kontak di akun Gmail, kita perlu menulis beberapa kode untuk menangani informasi pengguna dan melakukan autentikasi. Untuk pengguna Gmail, pertama-tama kita akan membuat kelas bernama TestUser dan kemudian mewarisinya dari kelas GoogleUser. Berikut adalah implementasi lengkap dari kedua kelas tersebut.
using System;
namespace Aspose.Email
{
internal enum GrantTypes
{
authorization_code,
refresh_token
}
public class TestUser
{
internal TestUser(string name, string eMail, string password, string domain)
{
Name = name;
EMail = eMail;
Password = password;
Domain = domain;
}
public readonly string Name;
public readonly string EMail;
public readonly string Password;
public readonly string Domain;
public static bool operator ==(TestUser x, TestUser y)
{
if ((object)x != null)
return x.Equals(y);
if ((object)y != null)
return y.Equals(x);
return true;
}
public static bool operator !=(TestUser x, TestUser y)
{
return !(x == y);
}
public static implicit operator string(TestUser user)
{
return user == null ? null : user.Name;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return ToString().GetHashCode();
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
return obj != null && obj is TestUser && this.ToString().Equals(obj.ToString(), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
}
public override string ToString()
{
return string.IsNullOrEmpty(Domain) ? Name : string.Format("{0}/{1}", Domain, Name);
}
}
public class GoogleUser : TestUser
{
public GoogleUser(string name, string eMail, string password)
: this(name, eMail, password, null, null, null)
{ }
public GoogleUser(string name, string eMail, string password, string clientId, string clientSecret)
: this(name, eMail, password, clientId, clientSecret, null)
{ }
public GoogleUser(string name, string eMail, string password, string clientId, string clientSecret, string refreshToken)
: base(name, eMail, password, "gmail.com")
{
ClientId = clientId;
ClientSecret = clientSecret;
RefreshToken = refreshToken;
}
public readonly string ClientId;
public readonly string ClientSecret;
public readonly string RefreshToken;
}
}
Sekarang, kita perlu membuat kelas pembantu yang akan menangani autentikasi akun Gmail. Kami akan menamai kelas ini sebagai GoogleOAuthHelper. Berikut implementasi lengkap dari kelas ini.
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace Aspose.Email
{
internal class GoogleOAuthHelper
{
public const string TOKEN_REQUEST_URL = "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/token";
public const string SCOPE = "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.googleapis.com%2Fauth%2Fcalendar" + "+" + "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fm8%2Ffeeds%2F" + "+" + "https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2F"; // IMAP & SMTP
public const string REDIRECT_URI = "urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob";
public const string REDIRECT_TYPE = "code";
internal static string GetAccessToken(TestUser user)
{
return GetAccessToken((GoogleUser)user);
}
internal static string GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user)
{
string access_token;
string token_type;
int expires_in;
GetAccessToken(user, out access_token, out token_type, out expires_in);
return access_token;
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in)
{
access_token = null;
token_type = null;
expires_in = 0;
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(TOKEN_REQUEST_URL);
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
string encodedParameters = string.Format("client_id={0}&client_secret={1}&refresh_token={2}&grant_type={3}",
System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientId), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientSecret), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.RefreshToken), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(GrantTypes.refresh_token.ToString()));
byte[] requestData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encodedParameters);
request.ContentLength = requestData.Length;
if (requestData.Length > 0)
using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
stream.Write(requestData, 0, requestData.Length);
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
string responseText = null;
using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.ASCII))
responseText = reader.ReadToEnd();
foreach (string sPair in responseText.Replace("{", "").Replace("}", "").Replace("\"", "").Split(new string[] { ",\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None))
{
string[] pair = sPair.Split(':');
string name = pair[0].Trim().ToLower();
string value = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlDecode(pair[1].Trim());
switch (name)
{
case "access_token":
access_token = value;
break;
case "token_type":
token_type = value;
break;
case "expires_in":
expires_in = Convert.ToInt32(value);
break;
}
}
Debug.WriteLine("");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("-----------OAuth 2.0 authorization information-----------");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Login: '{0}'", user.EMail));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Access token: '{0}'", access_token));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Token type: '{0}'", token_type));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Expires in: '{0}'", expires_in));
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("");
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(TestUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token)
{
GetAccessToken((GoogleUser)user, out access_token, out refresh_token);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token)
{
string token_type;
int expires_in;
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(user, out access_token, out refresh_token, out token_type, out expires_in);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(TestUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in)
{
GetAccessToken((GoogleUser)user, out access_token, out refresh_token, out token_type, out expires_in);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in)
{
string authorizationCode = GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAuthorizationCode(user, GoogleOAuthHelper.SCOPE, GoogleOAuthHelper.REDIRECT_URI, GoogleOAuthHelper.REDIRECT_TYPE);
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(authorizationCode, user, out access_token, out token_type, out expires_in, out refresh_token);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(string authorizationCode, TestUser user, out string access_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in, out string refresh_token)
{
GetAccessToken(authorizationCode, (GoogleUser)user, out access_token, out token_type, out expires_in, out refresh_token);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(string authorizationCode, GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in, out string refresh_token)
{
access_token = null;
token_type = null;
expires_in = 0;
refresh_token = null;
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(TOKEN_REQUEST_URL);
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
string encodedParameters = string.Format("client_id={0}&code={1}&client_secret={2}&redirect_uri={3}&grant_type={4}", System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientId), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(authorizationCode), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientSecret), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(REDIRECT_URI), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(GrantTypes.authorization_code.ToString()));
byte[] requestData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encodedParameters);
request.ContentLength = requestData.Length;
if (requestData.Length > 0)
using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
stream.Write(requestData, 0, requestData.Length);
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
string responseText = null;
using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.ASCII))
responseText = reader.ReadToEnd();
foreach (string sPair in responseText.Replace("{", "").Replace("}", "").Replace("\"", "").Split(new string[] { ",\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None))
{
string[] pair = sPair.Split(':');
string name = pair[0].Trim().ToLower();
string value = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlDecode(pair[1].Trim());
switch (name)
{
case "access_token":
access_token = value;
break;
case "token_type":
token_type = value;
break;
case "expires_in":
expires_in = Convert.ToInt32(value);
break;
case "refresh_token":
refresh_token = value;
break;
}
}
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Authorization code: '{0}'", authorizationCode));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Access token: '{0}'", access_token));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Refresh token: '{0}'", refresh_token));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Token type: '{0}'", token_type));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Expires in: '{0}'", expires_in));
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("");
}
internal static string GetAuthorizationCode(TestUser acc, string scope, string redirectUri, string responseType)
{
return GetAuthorizationCode((GoogleUser)acc, scope, redirectUri, responseType);
}
internal static string GetAuthorizationCode(GoogleUser acc, string scope, string redirectUri, string responseType)
{
Debug.WriteLine("");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("-----------OAuth 2.0 authorization information-----------");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Login: '{0}'", acc.EMail));
string authorizationCode = null;
string error = null;
string approveUrl = string.Format("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth?redirect_uri={0}&response_type={1}&client_id={2}&scope={3}", redirectUri, responseType, acc.ClientId, scope);
AutoResetEvent are0 = new AutoResetEvent(false);
Thread t = new Thread(delegate ()
{
bool doEvents = true;
WebBrowser browser = new WebBrowser();
browser.AllowNavigation = true;
browser.DocumentCompleted += delegate (object sender, WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventArgs e) { doEvents = false; };
Form f = new Form();
f.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.FixedToolWindow;
f.ShowInTaskbar = false;
f.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
f.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(-2000, -2000);
f.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(1, 1);
f.Controls.Add(browser);
f.Load += delegate (object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
browser.Navigate("https://accounts.google.com/Logout");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents) Application.DoEvents();
browser.Navigate("https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?sacu=1");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents) Application.DoEvents();
HtmlElement loginForm = browser.Document.Forms["gaia_loginform"];
if (loginForm != null)
{
HtmlElement userName = browser.Document.All["Email"];
userName.SetAttribute("value", acc.EMail);
loginForm.InvokeMember("submit");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents)
Application.DoEvents();
loginForm = browser.Document.Forms["gaia_loginform"];
HtmlElement passwd = browser.Document.All["Passwd"];
passwd.SetAttribute("value", acc.Password);
loginForm.InvokeMember("submit");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents)
Application.DoEvents();
}
else
{
error = "Login form is not found in \n" + browser.Document.Body.InnerHtml;
return;
}
browser.Navigate(approveUrl);
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents) Application.DoEvents();
HtmlElement approveForm = browser.Document.Forms["connect-approve"];
if (approveForm != null)
{
HtmlElement submitAccess = browser.Document.All["submit_access"];
submitAccess.SetAttribute("value", "true");
approveForm.InvokeMember("submit");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents)
Application.DoEvents();
}
else
{
error = "Approve form is not found in \n" + browser.Document.Body.InnerHtml;
return;
}
HtmlElement code = browser.Document.All["code"];
if (code != null)
authorizationCode = code.GetAttribute("value");
else
error = "Authorization code is not found in \n" + browser.Document.Body.InnerHtml;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
error = ex.Message;
}
finally
{
f.Close();
}
};
Application.Run(f);
are0.Set();
});
t.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
t.Start();
are0.WaitOne();
if (error != null)
throw new Exception(error);
return authorizationCode;
}
}
}
Buat Kontak di Gmail di C#
Berikut langkah-langkah membuat kontak di Gmail di C#.
- Pertama, buat pengguna Google, dapatkan token akses, dan inisialisasi objek IGmailClient.
- Kemudian, buat objek dari kelas Kontak.
- Tetapkan properti kontak seperti nama, awalan, profesi, dll.
- Untuk menyetel alamat pos, buat instance PostalAddress dan setel propertinya.
- Tambahkan alamat yang baru dibuat ke koleksi menggunakan metode Contact.PhysicalAddresses.Add(PostalAddress).
- Tetapkan detail nomor telepon menggunakan kelas NomorTelepon.
- Tambahkan detail nomor telepon ke koleksi menggunakan metode Contact.PhoneNumbers.Add(PhoneNumber).
- Buat instance dari kelas EmailAddress, atur alamat email, dan tetapkan ke kontak.
- Terakhir, panggil metode IGmailClient.CreateContact(Contact) untuk membuat kontak Gmail.
Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan cara membuat kontak di Gmail di C#.
// Inisialisasi pengguna Google
GoogleUser User = new GoogleUser("user", "email address", "password", "clientId", "client secret");
string accessToken;
string refreshToken;
// Dapatkan token akses
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(User, out accessToken, out refreshToken);
// Dapatkan Klien Gmail
IGmailClient client = GmailClient.GetInstance(accessToken, User.EMail);
// Buat kontak
Contact contact = new Contact();
contact.Prefix = "Prefix";
contact.GivenName = "GivenName";
contact.Surname = "Surname";
contact.MiddleName = "MiddleName";
contact.DisplayName = "Test User 1";
contact.Suffix = "Suffix";
contact.JobTitle = "JobTitle";
contact.DepartmentName = "DepartmentName";
contact.CompanyName = "CompanyName";
contact.Profession = "Profession";
contact.Notes = "Notes";
// Tetapkan alamat pos
PostalAddress address = new PostalAddress();
address.Category = PostalAddressCategory.Work;
address.Address = "Address";
address.Street = "Street";
address.PostOfficeBox = "PostOfficeBox";
address.City = "City";
address.StateOrProvince = "StateOrProvince";
address.PostalCode = "PostalCode";
address.Country = "Country";
contact.PhysicalAddresses.Add(address);
// Tetapkan nomor telepon
PhoneNumber pnWork = new PhoneNumber();
pnWork.Number = "323423423423";
pnWork.Category = PhoneNumberCategory.Work;
contact.PhoneNumbers.Add(pnWork);
PhoneNumber pnHome = new PhoneNumber();
pnHome.Number = "323423423423";
pnHome.Category = PhoneNumberCategory.Home;
contact.PhoneNumbers.Add(pnHome);
PhoneNumber pnMobile = new PhoneNumber();
pnMobile.Number = "323423423423";
pnMobile.Category = PhoneNumberCategory.Mobile;
contact.PhoneNumbers.Add(pnMobile);
// Tetapkan properti lainnya
contact.Urls.Blog = "Blog.ru";
contact.Urls.BusinessHomePage = "BusinessHomePage.ru";
contact.Urls.HomePage = "HomePage.ru";
contact.Urls.Profile = "Profile.ru";
contact.Events.Birthday = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-30);
contact.Events.Anniversary = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-10);
contact.InstantMessengers.AIM = "AIM";
contact.InstantMessengers.GoogleTalk = "GoogleTalk";
contact.InstantMessengers.ICQ = "ICQ";
contact.InstantMessengers.Jabber = "Jabber";
contact.InstantMessengers.MSN = "MSN";
contact.InstantMessengers.QQ = "QQ";
contact.InstantMessengers.Skype = "Skype";
contact.InstantMessengers.Yahoo = "Yahoo";
contact.AssociatedPersons.Spouse = "Spouse";
contact.AssociatedPersons.Sister = "Sister";
contact.AssociatedPersons.Relative = "Relative";
contact.AssociatedPersons.ReferredBy = "ReferredBy";
contact.AssociatedPersons.Partner = "Partner";
contact.AssociatedPersons.Parent = "Parent";
contact.AssociatedPersons.Mother = "Mother";
contact.AssociatedPersons.Manager = "Manager";
// Tetapkan alamat email
EmailAddress eAddress = new EmailAddress();
eAddress.Address = "email@gmail.com";
contact.EmailAddresses.Add(eAddress);
// Buat kontak di Gmail
string contactUri = client.CreateContact(contact);
Perbarui Kontak di Gmail di C#
Anda juga dapat memperbarui detail kontak Gmail setelah mengaksesnya. Berikut ini adalah langkah-langkah untuk memperbarui kontak di akun Gmail di C#.
- Pertama, buat pengguna Google, dapatkan token akses, dan inisialisasi objek IGmailClient.
- Dapatkan kontak dalam array menggunakan metode IGmailClient.GetAllContacts().
- Ambil kontak yang diperlukan dari larik di objek Kontak.
- Perbarui detail kontak dan panggil metode IGmailClient.UpdateContact(contact).
Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan cara memperbarui kontak di Gmail di C#.
// Inisialisasi pengguna Google
GoogleUser User = new GoogleUser("user", "email address", "password", "clientId", "client secret");
string accessToken;
string refreshToken;
// Dapatkan token akses
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(User, out accessToken, out refreshToken);
// Dapatkan IGmailClient
using (IGmailClient client = GmailClient.GetInstance(accessToken, User.EMail))
{
// Dapatkan semua kontak
Contact[] contacts = client.GetAllContacts();
Contact contact = contacts[0];
contact.JobTitle = "Manager IT";
contact.DepartmentName = "Customer Support";
contact.CompanyName = "Aspose";
contact.Profession = "Software Developer";
// Perbarui kontak
client.UpdateContact(contact);
}
Hapus Kontak di Gmail di C#
Terakhir, mari kita lihat cara menghapus kontak Gmail menggunakan C#. Berikut ini adalah langkah-langkah untuk melakukan operasi ini.
- Pertama, buat pengguna Google, dapatkan token akses, dan inisialisasi objek IGmailClient.
- Dapatkan kontak dalam array menggunakan metode IGmailClient.GetAllContacts().
- Filter kontak yang diinginkan dari array di objek Kontak.
- Terakhir, panggil metode IGmailClient.DeleteContact(Contact.Id.GoogleId) untuk menghapus kontak.
Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan cara menghapus kontak di Gmail di C#.
// Inisialisasi pengguna Google
GoogleUser User = new GoogleUser("user", "email address", "password", "clientId", "client secret");
string accessToken;
string refreshToken;
// Dapatkan token akses
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(User, out accessToken, out refreshToken);
// Dapatkan IGmailClient
using (IGmailClient client = GmailClient.GetInstance(accessToken, User.EMail))
{
// Dapatkan semua kontak
Contact[] contacts = client.GetAllContacts();
Contact contact = contacts[0];
// Hapus kontak
client.DeleteContact(contact.Id.GoogleId);
}
Dapatkan Lisensi API Gratis
Anda dapat menggunakan Aspose.Email for .NET tanpa batasan evaluasi menggunakan lisensi sementara gratis.
Kesimpulan
Pada artikel ini, Anda telah mempelajari cara membuat dan memperbarui kontak di akun Gmail di C# .NET. Selanjutnya, Anda telah melihat cara menghapus kontak Gmail secara terprogram. Selain itu, Anda dapat mengunjungi dokumentasi untuk menjelajahi fitur lain dari Aspose.Email for .NET. Jika Anda memiliki pertanyaan, Anda dapat memposting ke [forum] kami 25.