Gmail 是 Google 提供的一種流行且使用廣泛的電子郵件服務。除了發送和接收電子郵件外，它還提供各種附加功能，例如自動回复、聊天等。作為程序員，您可能會遇到需要從特定 Gmail 帳戶導入聯繫人的場景。為了從 .NET 應用程序中完成此操作，本文介紹瞭如何在 C# .NET 中導入 Gmail 聯繫人。此外，我們將演示如何從特定的電子郵件組中獲取聯繫人。
用於導入 Gmail 聯繫人的 C# .NET API
要從 Gmail 帳戶導入聯繫人，我們將使用 Aspose.Email for .NET。它是一個功能豐富的 API，可讓您輕鬆創建和發送電子郵件。此外，它還允許您處理各種電子郵件格式，包括 MSG 和 EML。您可以 下載 API 的 DLL 或使用 NuGet 安裝它。
PM> Install-Package Aspose.Email
在 C# 中從 Gmail 導入聯繫人
要從 Gmail 帳戶訪問聯繫人，我們需要編寫一些代碼來處理用戶信息並執行 Gmail 身份驗證。對於 Gmail 用戶，我們首先創建一個名為 TestUser 的類，然後從 GoogleUser 類繼承它。以下是這兩個類的完整實現。
using System;
namespace Aspose.Email
{
internal enum GrantTypes
{
authorization_code,
refresh_token
}
public class TestUser
{
internal TestUser(string name, string eMail, string password, string domain)
{
Name = name;
EMail = eMail;
Password = password;
Domain = domain;
}
public readonly string Name;
public readonly string EMail;
public readonly string Password;
public readonly string Domain;
public static bool operator ==(TestUser x, TestUser y)
{
if ((object)x != null)
return x.Equals(y);
if ((object)y != null)
return y.Equals(x);
return true;
}
public static bool operator !=(TestUser x, TestUser y)
{
return !(x == y);
}
public static implicit operator string(TestUser user)
{
return user == null ? null : user.Name;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return ToString().GetHashCode();
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
return obj != null && obj is TestUser && this.ToString().Equals(obj.ToString(), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
}
public override string ToString()
{
return string.IsNullOrEmpty(Domain) ? Name : string.Format("{0}/{1}", Domain, Name);
}
}
public class GoogleUser : TestUser
{
public GoogleUser(string name, string eMail, string password)
: this(name, eMail, password, null, null, null)
{ }
public GoogleUser(string name, string eMail, string password, string clientId, string clientSecret)
: this(name, eMail, password, clientId, clientSecret, null)
{ }
public GoogleUser(string name, string eMail, string password, string clientId, string clientSecret, string refreshToken)
: base(name, eMail, password, "gmail.com")
{
ClientId = clientId;
ClientSecret = clientSecret;
RefreshToken = refreshToken;
}
public readonly string ClientId;
public readonly string ClientSecret;
public readonly string RefreshToken;
}
}
現在，我們需要創建一個幫助程序類來處理 Gmail 帳戶的身份驗證。我們將把這個類命名為 GoogleOAuthHelper。下面是這個類的完整實現。
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace Aspose.Email
{
internal class GoogleOAuthHelper
{
public const string TOKEN_REQUEST_URL = "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/token";
public const string SCOPE = "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.googleapis.com%2Fauth%2Fcalendar" + "+" + "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fm8%2Ffeeds%2F" + "+" + "https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2F"; // IMAP & SMTP
public const string REDIRECT_URI = "urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob";
public const string REDIRECT_TYPE = "code";
internal static string GetAccessToken(TestUser user)
{
return GetAccessToken((GoogleUser)user);
}
internal static string GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user)
{
string access_token;
string token_type;
int expires_in;
GetAccessToken(user, out access_token, out token_type, out expires_in);
return access_token;
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in)
{
access_token = null;
token_type = null;
expires_in = 0;
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(TOKEN_REQUEST_URL);
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
string encodedParameters = string.Format("client_id={0}&client_secret={1}&refresh_token={2}&grant_type={3}",
System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientId), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientSecret), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.RefreshToken), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(GrantTypes.refresh_token.ToString()));
byte[] requestData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encodedParameters);
request.ContentLength = requestData.Length;
if (requestData.Length > 0)
using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
stream.Write(requestData, 0, requestData.Length);
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
string responseText = null;
using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.ASCII))
responseText = reader.ReadToEnd();
foreach (string sPair in responseText.Replace("{", "").Replace("}", "").Replace("\"", "").Split(new string[] { ",\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None))
{
string[] pair = sPair.Split(':');
string name = pair[0].Trim().ToLower();
string value = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlDecode(pair[1].Trim());
switch (name)
{
case "access_token":
access_token = value;
break;
case "token_type":
token_type = value;
break;
case "expires_in":
expires_in = Convert.ToInt32(value);
break;
}
}
Debug.WriteLine("");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("-----------OAuth 2.0 authorization information-----------");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Login: '{0}'", user.EMail));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Access token: '{0}'", access_token));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Token type: '{0}'", token_type));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Expires in: '{0}'", expires_in));
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("");
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(TestUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token)
{
GetAccessToken((GoogleUser)user, out access_token, out refresh_token);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token)
{
string token_type;
int expires_in;
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(user, out access_token, out refresh_token, out token_type, out expires_in);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(TestUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in)
{
GetAccessToken((GoogleUser)user, out access_token, out refresh_token, out token_type, out expires_in);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string refresh_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in)
{
string authorizationCode = GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAuthorizationCode(user, GoogleOAuthHelper.SCOPE, GoogleOAuthHelper.REDIRECT_URI, GoogleOAuthHelper.REDIRECT_TYPE);
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(authorizationCode, user, out access_token, out token_type, out expires_in, out refresh_token);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(string authorizationCode, TestUser user, out string access_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in, out string refresh_token)
{
GetAccessToken(authorizationCode, (GoogleUser)user, out access_token, out token_type, out expires_in, out refresh_token);
}
internal static void GetAccessToken(string authorizationCode, GoogleUser user, out string access_token, out string token_type, out int expires_in, out string refresh_token)
{
access_token = null;
token_type = null;
expires_in = 0;
refresh_token = null;
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(TOKEN_REQUEST_URL);
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
string encodedParameters = string.Format("client_id={0}&code={1}&client_secret={2}&redirect_uri={3}&grant_type={4}", System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientId), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(authorizationCode), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(user.ClientSecret), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(REDIRECT_URI), System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(GrantTypes.authorization_code.ToString()));
byte[] requestData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encodedParameters);
request.ContentLength = requestData.Length;
if (requestData.Length > 0)
using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
stream.Write(requestData, 0, requestData.Length);
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
string responseText = null;
using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.ASCII))
responseText = reader.ReadToEnd();
foreach (string sPair in responseText.Replace("{", "").Replace("}", "").Replace("\"", "").Split(new string[] { ",\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None))
{
string[] pair = sPair.Split(':');
string name = pair[0].Trim().ToLower();
string value = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlDecode(pair[1].Trim());
switch (name)
{
case "access_token":
access_token = value;
break;
case "token_type":
token_type = value;
break;
case "expires_in":
expires_in = Convert.ToInt32(value);
break;
case "refresh_token":
refresh_token = value;
break;
}
}
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Authorization code: '{0}'", authorizationCode));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Access token: '{0}'", access_token));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Refresh token: '{0}'", refresh_token));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Token type: '{0}'", token_type));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Expires in: '{0}'", expires_in));
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("");
}
internal static string GetAuthorizationCode(TestUser acc, string scope, string redirectUri, string responseType)
{
return GetAuthorizationCode((GoogleUser)acc, scope, redirectUri, responseType);
}
internal static string GetAuthorizationCode(GoogleUser acc, string scope, string redirectUri, string responseType)
{
Debug.WriteLine("");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine("-----------OAuth 2.0 authorization information-----------");
Debug.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------");
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Login: '{0}'", acc.EMail));
string authorizationCode = null;
string error = null;
string approveUrl = string.Format("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth?redirect_uri={0}&response_type={1}&client_id={2}&scope={3}", redirectUri, responseType, acc.ClientId, scope);
AutoResetEvent are0 = new AutoResetEvent(false);
Thread t = new Thread(delegate ()
{
bool doEvents = true;
WebBrowser browser = new WebBrowser();
browser.AllowNavigation = true;
browser.DocumentCompleted += delegate (object sender, WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventArgs e) { doEvents = false; };
Form f = new Form();
f.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.FixedToolWindow;
f.ShowInTaskbar = false;
f.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
f.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(-2000, -2000);
f.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(1, 1);
f.Controls.Add(browser);
f.Load += delegate (object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
browser.Navigate("https://accounts.google.com/Logout");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents) Application.DoEvents();
browser.Navigate("https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?sacu=1");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents) Application.DoEvents();
HtmlElement loginForm = browser.Document.Forms["gaia_loginform"];
if (loginForm != null)
{
HtmlElement userName = browser.Document.All["Email"];
userName.SetAttribute("value", acc.EMail);
loginForm.InvokeMember("submit");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents)
Application.DoEvents();
loginForm = browser.Document.Forms["gaia_loginform"];
HtmlElement passwd = browser.Document.All["Passwd"];
passwd.SetAttribute("value", acc.Password);
loginForm.InvokeMember("submit");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents)
Application.DoEvents();
}
else
{
error = "Login form is not found in \n" + browser.Document.Body.InnerHtml;
return;
}
browser.Navigate(approveUrl);
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents) Application.DoEvents();
HtmlElement approveForm = browser.Document.Forms["connect-approve"];
if (approveForm != null)
{
HtmlElement submitAccess = browser.Document.All["submit_access"];
submitAccess.SetAttribute("value", "true");
approveForm.InvokeMember("submit");
doEvents = true;
while (doEvents)
Application.DoEvents();
}
else
{
error = "Approve form is not found in \n" + browser.Document.Body.InnerHtml;
return;
}
HtmlElement code = browser.Document.All["code"];
if (code != null)
authorizationCode = code.GetAttribute("value");
else
error = "Authorization code is not found in \n" + browser.Document.Body.InnerHtml;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
error = ex.Message;
}
finally
{
f.Close();
}
};
Application.Run(f);
are0.Set();
});
t.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
t.Start();
are0.WaitOne();
if (error != null)
throw new Exception(error);
return authorizationCode;
}
}
}
C# 從 Gmail 帳戶導入聯繫人
在此階段，我們已準備好訪問 Gmail 帳戶中的聯繫人。以下是使用 C# 從 Gmail 帳戶導入聯繫人的步驟。
- 創建一個 GoogleUser 類的對象，並使用名稱、電子郵件、密碼、客戶端 ID 和客戶端密碼對其進行初始化。
- 創建兩個字符串對象來存儲訪問令牌和刷新令牌。
- 調用 GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(GoogleUser, out string, out string) 方法來獲取訪問和刷新令牌。
- 將 GmailClient 類的實例獲取到 IGmailClient 對像中。
- 創建一個 Contact 數組並使用 IGmailClient.GetAllContacts() 方法獲取所有聯繫人。
- 遍歷數組以訪問每個聯繫人。
以下代碼示例顯示瞭如何使用 C# 從 Gmail 帳戶導入聯繫人。
// 創建谷歌用戶
GoogleUser User = new GoogleUser("user", "email address", "password", "clientId", "client secret");
string accessToken;
string refreshToken;
// 獲取訪問令牌
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(User, out accessToken, out refreshToken);
// 獲取IGmail客戶端
using (IGmailClient client = GmailClient.GetInstance(accessToken, User.EMail))
{
// 訪問聯繫人
Contact[] contacts = client.GetAllContacts();
foreach (Contact contact in contacts)
Console.WriteLine(contact.DisplayName + ", " + contact.EmailAddresses[0]);
}
從 C# 中的組導入 Gmail 聯繫人
您還可以訪問 Gmail 中特定電子郵件組的聯繫人。以下是執行此操作的步驟。
- 創建一個 GoogleUser 類的對象，並使用名稱、電子郵件、密碼、客戶端 ID 和客戶端密碼對其進行初始化。
- 創建兩個字符串對象來存儲訪問令牌和刷新令牌。
- 調用 GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(GoogleUser, out string, out string) 方法獲取訪問令牌。
- 將 GmailClient 類的實例獲取到 IGmailClient 對像中。
- 使用 IGmailClient.GetAllGroups() 方法將所有電子郵件組放入 ContactGroupCollection 對像中。
- 使用其名稱訪問所需的 GoogleContactGroup。
- 創建一個 Contact 數組，並使用 IGmailClient.GetContactsFromGroup(string) 方法從組中獲取所有聯繫人。
- 遍歷數組以訪問每個聯繫人。
以下代碼示例顯示如何在 C# 中從特定電子郵件組導入聯繫人。
// 創建谷歌用戶
GoogleUser User = new GoogleUser("user", "email address", "password", "clientId", "client secret");
string accessToken;
string refreshToken;
// 獲取訪問令牌
GoogleOAuthHelper.GetAccessToken(User, out accessToken, out refreshToken);
// 獲取IGmail客戶端
using (IGmailClient client = GmailClient.GetInstance(accessToken, User.EMail))
{
// 從特定組中獲取聯繫人
ContactGroupCollection groups = client.GetAllGroups();
GoogleContactGroup group = null;
foreach (GoogleContactGroup g in groups)
switch (g.Title)
{
case "TestGroup":
group = g;
break;
}
// 從組中檢索聯繫人
if (group != null)
{
Contact[] contacts2 = client.GetContactsFromGroup(group.Id);
foreach (Contact con in contacts2)
Console.WriteLine(con.DisplayName + "," + con.EmailAddresses[0].ToString());
}
}
用於導入 Gmail 聯繫人的 C# API - 獲取免費許可證
您可以獲得免費的臨時許可證，以在沒有評估限制的情況下使用 Aspose.Email for .NET。
結論
在本文中，您了解瞭如何在 C# 中以編程方式從帳戶導入 Gmail 聯繫人。此外，您還了解瞭如何訪問 Gmail 中特定電子郵件組的聯繫人。此外，您可以使用 文檔 探索 Aspose.Email for .NET 的其他功能。此外，您可以通過我們的 論壇 提問。